Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. It can lead to vision loss if left untreated. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of diabetic retinopathy is crucial for early detection and management. Here are the key signs to watch for:
Blurred Vision: Blurred or fluctuating vision, particularly affecting central vision, can be an early symptom of diabetic retinopathy. This may occur due to swelling (macular edema) or abnormal blood vessel growth (proliferative retinopathy) in the retina.
Floaters: Floaters are small specks or spots that float across your field of vision. They may appear as dark dots, lines, or cobwebs and can be a sign of bleeding into the vitreous gel inside the eye, which can occur in advanced diabetic retinopathy.
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Impaired Color Vision: Diabetic retinopathy can affect color perception, causing colors to appear washed out or less vibrant than usual.
Dark or Empty Areas in Vision: Dark or empty areas in your field of vision, known as scotomas, may indicate areas of retinal damage or detachment caused by diabetic retinopathy.
Vision Loss: As diabetic retinopathy progresses, it can lead to significant vision loss or blindness if left untreated. Vision loss may occur gradually over time or suddenly if there is a sudden bleed or retinal detachment.
Difficulty Seeing at Night: People with diabetic retinopathy may experience difficulty seeing in low-light conditions or at night, a condition known as night blindness.
Vision Fluctuations: Vision may fluctuate throughout the day, particularly if macular edema is present. This can affect activities such as reading or driving.
It's important to note that diabetic retinopathy may not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular eye examinations are essential for individuals with diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy can be detected during a comprehensive dilated eye examination, where an eye care professional examines the retina and optic nerve for signs of damage.
If you have diabetes, it's crucial to maintain regular eye examinations as recommended by your healthcare provider, even if you do not have any symptoms of diabetic retinopathy. Early detection and timely treatment can help prevent vision loss and preserve eye health. If you experience any changes in your vision or notice any of the above signs, schedule an appointment with an eye care professional promptly.
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