Friday, May 17, 2024

Understanding pterygium (surfer's eye)

Pterygium, commonly known as "surfer's eye," is a non-cancerous growth of tissue on the conjunctiva, the clear tissue that covers the white part of the eye. It often appears as a raised, wedge-shaped bump on the inner corner of the eye, but it can also occur on the outer corner.

Causes:
UV Exposure: Pterygium is strongly associated with excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight.
Wind and Dust Exposure: Wind and dust exposure, common in outdoor activities like surfing or cycling, are also risk factors.
Dry Eye: Chronic dry eye can contribute to the development of pterygium.
Genetic Predisposition: Some people may have a genetic predisposition to developing pterygium.
Symptoms:
Redness and Irritation: Pterygium can cause redness, irritation, and a feeling of dryness or grittiness in the affected eye.
Blurred Vision: If the pterygium grows large enough to encroach on the cornea, it can distort the shape of the eye and affect vision.
Foreign Body Sensation: Some people may feel as if there's a foreign body or something stuck in their eye.
Cosmetic Concerns: In some cases, pterygium may cause cosmetic concerns due to its appearance. 

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 Treatment:

Artificial Tears: Lubricating eye drops or artificial tears can help relieve dryness and irritation associated with pterygium.
Steroid Eye Drops: Inflammation caused by pterygium can be reduced with steroid eye drops prescribed by a doctor.
Surgical Removal: If the pterygium is causing significant symptoms or affecting vision, surgical removal may be necessary. This is typically performed by an ophthalmologist.
Preventive Measures: Wearing sunglasses that block UV rays and protective eyewear, especially during outdoor activities, can help prevent pterygium from developing or worsening.
Complications:
Recurrence: Pterygium can sometimes grow back after surgical removal, especially if preventive measures are not taken.
Vision Problems: In severe cases, pterygium can grow over the cornea, leading to astigmatism or other vision problems.
Cosmetic Concerns: Even after surgical removal, scarring or cosmetic irregularities may occur.
If you suspect you have pterygium or are experiencing symptoms, it's essential to consult an eye care professional for proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Early intervention can help prevent complications and preserve vision. 

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